Implement the rest of NETWORKING-DESIGN.md (N2–N6) and eliminate every
`.c` file from the repo. clang remains only the LLVM-IR assembler; no C
is compiled anywhere.
Networking (selfhost/emit_net.ludic + parser/emit changes):
- N2 @Sync: per-model serialize/apply + by-kind dispatchers; POD-scalar
compile error and empty-participation warning; selective replication.
- N3 @Owned: @L_owner array + owner/set_owner/is_owner; owners snapshot.
- N4 @ToServer/@ToClients remote events: framed net_send + net_pump re-emit.
- N5 @Server/@Predicted role guards + drivable sim (tick_fixed/tick_render,
entry-owns-the-loop).
- Built-in loopback transport so multiplayer runs with zero foreign code;
extern fn net_send/net_poll still overrides it for a real socket.
- N6 blessed runtime (examples/net_rt.ludic) + end-to-end demo (net_demo).
- Fix: llty("entity") is now i32 (entities are i32 handles), so let e = self().
C elimination:
- Networking + foreign-mod-ABI tests rewritten as self-contained pure-Ludic
programs (examples/net_*, world_*, mod_events, scoped); tests/ removed.
- Reflection ABI exposed to Ludic as world_* builtins (Ludic-to-Ludic modding).
- Formatter rewritten C→Ludic: tools/ludic-tools/fmt.ludic.
- Language server rewritten C→Ludic: tools/ludic-tools/lsp.ludic (lexer, index
parser, cross-file workspace resolver, JSON, all LSP handlers).
- Obsolete migrate_*.c codemods deleted; ludic_syntax.h kept as vocabulary data.
Suites: ./test.sh 44/44, ./tools/test-tools.sh 28/28 (LSP 42/42), fixpoint holds.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Raw byte access is now indexing, not C-style peek/poke:
peek8(src, i) -> src[i] (reads a byte, widened to int)
poke8(out, j, r) -> out[j] = r (narrows the int to a byte)
E_INDEX on a non-slice pointer/string lowers to a `getelementptr i8` + load/zext
(read) or trunc/store (write) — byte-identical to the old peek8/poke8, so the
migration reproduces the compiler exactly. A "byte" element type (llty i8) drives
the widen/narrow. The compiler's own byte work now reads naturally, e.g.
`is_slice_ty` is `t[0] == 91 and t[1] == 93`.
Subtlety fixed on the way: g_addr_ty (the out-param carrying the indexed element
type) must be set AFTER evaluating the index expression, since a member/index in
the index would otherwise clobber it — doing it early made a byte read load a
full pointer from a byte address and crash the self-compile.
Two reseeds: add byte-index support keeping peek8/poke8, then migrate 148 call
sites and delete the intrinsics (+ the now-dead emit_gep_i8). Vocabulary drops
peek8/poke8. Reseeded (22604 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical;
18/18; vocab clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`s[a..b]` is a fresh substring of the bytes [a, b) — the modern, end-based form
of the C-style `substr(s, start, count)`:
substr(src, start, i - start) -> src[start..i]
substr(t, 2, len(t) - 2) -> t[2..len(t)]
substr(src, i, 2) -> src[i..i + 2]
Mechanics: a new E_SLICE postfix (`base[lo..hi]`, distinct from `base[i]`
indexing) lowers to a @fn_str_slice prelude (malloc + copy + terminate), emitted
once into any program that slices. Two reseeds: add the syntax + prelude, then
migrate the 22 substr calls and delete substr. The migrator recognises the
common `count == end - start` shape and emits the clean `s[start..end]` rather
than `s[start..start + (end - start)]`.
examples/strings.ludic gains slicing (now prints 1..9). Reseeded (22673 lines);
C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab + doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Answering your readability point directly: the compiler's own string-building —
left uglier by the 7c `+` migration, e.g. `emit_bind(("load i32, ptr " + ip))` —
now reads as interpolation:
emit_bind(("load i32, ptr " + ip)) -> emit_bind(`load i32, ptr {ip}`)
emit_bind(("icmp eq i32 " + (kv + (", " + itoa(ak)))))
-> emit_bind(`icmp eq i32 {kv}, {itoa(ak)}`)
perr(("assign to unknown " + t.s)) -> perr(`assign to unknown {t.s}`)
164 concat chains across selfhost converted by a tool that flattens the `+` tree,
keeps call/index parens (only grouping parens are rewritten), and converts only
**brace-free** literals — LLVM IR structure strings full of `{`/`}` stay as `+`
rather than becoming awkward `{{`/`}}`. No new language surface; interpolation
already desugars to the same concat.
Reseeded (22565 lines); C-free fixpoint holds byte-for-byte (the strongest proof
the reconstruction is exact); goldens identical; 18/18.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`len` is now polymorphic — a slice's element count OR a string's byte length —
so the C-style `slen` (strlen) is gone: `slen(name)` -> `len(name)`. emit_len
branches on the operand type (slice header vs @strlen). Two reseeds: add the
string branch, then migrate the 19 slen calls and delete slen.
Reseeded (22565 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab +
doc-fences clean. (String slicing s[a..b] to replace substr is deferred to its
own phase.)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
One `print` instead of two C-style names: `print(x)` writes an int OR a string
followed by a newline, dispatching on the operand type (int -> %d, string ->
%s). `print(int)` emits byte-identically to the old print_int, so every existing
call and every smoke-test output is unchanged.
print_str was only ever the raw IR-to-stdout dump in ir_flush (no newline), which
is not "printing a line" — so it now uses file_write to a new file_stdout()
stream, keeping the emitted IR byte-for-byte identical. That frees `print` to
have consistent always-newline semantics.
Two reseeds: (A) add print + str + file_stdout keeping the intrinsics; (B)
migrate the 61 print_int calls to print, ir_flush to file_write(file_stdout()),
and delete print_int/print_str (+ the now-dead @.fmt_str). str(x) (the
interpolation converter from 7d) is now also a documented standalone builtin.
Vocabulary: print/str/file_stdout in, print_int/print_str out (ludic_syntax.h,
grammar, LudicTokens.kt). LANGUAGE.md updated. Reseeded (22551 lines); C-free
fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab + doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The readable way to build strings, as you noted `{a} {b}` beats `a + " " + b`.
A backtick string embeds any expression in `{…}` and desugars to the Phase-7c
`+` chain, wrapping each hole in `str(...)`:
`hello {name}, n={count + 1}`
== "hello " + name + ", n=" + str(count + 1)
- Lexer: a backtick captures its content raw as TK_INTERP.
- Parser: parse_interp splits literal runs from `{…}` holes (brace-depth aware,
`{{`/`}}` escape to literal braces), re-lexes each hole as a full expression
(save/restore toks/pi like an import), and folds it all into E_BIN(+) nodes —
so no new AST or runtime beyond the existing concat.
- str(x): a string passes through; int/bool/fixed convert via a small emitted
@fn_int_str prelude (digits from the end of a buffer, '-' for negatives),
emitted once into any program that uses it.
examples/strings.ludic gains interpolation cases (now prints 1..7); the smoke
covers it. Grammar + ludic_syntax.h tokenize backtick strings (holes highlighted
as embedded code). LANGUAGE.md documents it as the preferred form.
Reseeded (22530 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab +
doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Strings are values now: `a + b` concatenates and `a == b` / `a != b` compare by
content, replacing the 605 `sconcat(...)` / `streq(...)` calls that made the
compiler read like C.
streq(name, "let") -> name == "let"
sconcat("load ", reg) -> "load " + reg
sconcat(a, sconcat(b, c)) -> a + b + c
Implementation: emit_bin gains a string path. Strings are pointer-typed, so any
`+` with a pointer operand concatenates and `==`/`!=` between pointers compares
content — except when one side is the `null` literal, which stays a pointer
identity test (the only two kinds of pointer `==` in the codebase). Both call a
small hand-written IR prelude, @fn_str_eq / @fn_str_concat, emitted once into any
program that uses string ops (so it works for tools, games and the compiler with
no runtime-splice dependency and no duplicate symbols).
Delivered as two reseeds: (A) add the operators + prelude with the full
pointer-aware dispatch, keeping streq/sconcat; (B) migrate every call site
(354 lines, via a string-literal-safe balanced-paren script that leaves the
function definitions alone) and delete streq/sconcat. examples/strings.ludic +
a test.sh smoke (prints 1 2 3 4 5) guard it.
Reseeded (21890 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens byte-identical; 18/18;
vocab + doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`null` is now a real pointer literal and null-tests are comparisons, instead of
`ptr_null()` and `ptr_is_null(x)`:
ptr_null() -> null
ptr_is_null(x) -> (x == null)
not ptr_is_null(x) -> (x != null)
Mechanics: a new E_NULL primary (`null`, like true/false) lowers to the `null`
pointer; emit_bin's comparison path now picks `ptr` vs `i32` from operand type
(via llty), so `==`/`!=` work on any pointer/record/slice. The two intrinsics are
deleted.
Two reseeds: (A) add the literal + ptr comparison keeping the intrinsics; (B)
migrate all 182 call sites (compiler + runtime, via a balanced-paren script that
skips string-literal args and rewrites `not ptr_is_null` to `!= null`) and delete
the intrinsics. Node/Val/Buf/Tok field defaults now read `ptr = null`.
Vocabulary drops the two from LUDIC_INTRINSICS; `null` joins true/false as a
language constant (grammar + ludic_syntax.h). LANGUAGE.md notes the literal.
Reseeded (21664 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 17/17; vocab +
doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Bindings now signal mutability the way Rust/Swift do, instead of `let` meaning
"local" and `var` meaning "module-level":
- `let x = e` -> immutable binding; a later `x = …` is a compile error
(`cannot assign to immutable 'x' … use var`).
- `var x = e` -> mutable binding, at local OR module scope (position decides
scope; the keyword decides mutability).
- `const` -> unchanged (compile-time).
Immutability is of the *binding*, not the object: `let n = new Node; n.kind = 1`
is fine (mutation through the reference); only rebinding `n` is rejected. The
check lives in emit_assign — a direct `name =` whose target is a `let` local
(loc_mut == 0) errors; field/index targets and `var`/param/loop bindings are
unaffected.
Delivered as three reseeds so the self-hosting compiler never had to compile
source its own rules would reject:
A) add `var` as a local statement + per-local mutability tracking (loc_mut),
no enforcement;
B) migrate every reassigned `let` -> `var` across the compiler, runtime and
examples (337 declarations), driven by a per-function, string/comment-aware
scan (binding targets only, never `x.f =` / `x[i] =`);
C) turn on the check. bootstrap-cfree (compiler vs its own source) and every
golden build (which splices the runtime) then proved zero reassigned `let`
was missed anywhere.
Also folded in: removed leftover debug instrumentation in block() (a `cur=` /
print_int(777…) trace on the separator-error path) and fixed parse.ludic's stale
header comment (no more `struct`). Reseeded (21711 lines); C-free fixpoint holds;
goldens identical; 17/17; vocab + doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`struct` and `property` had identical syntax and differed only in semantics, so
they are now one keyword: `property`. How a property is stored follows from how
it is used —
- listed in a `model` or attached by `spawn` -> an ECS component, kept in the
engine's per-entity @S_/@H_ arrays and bound in queries (as before);
- constructed with `new` -> a heap record with reference
semantics (what `struct` used to be).
A program that declares only `property` records and functions — no `model`, no
`handler` — is not an ECS program: it gets record layouts and `new`, but no
entity storage, allocator, snapshot, or runtime splice. This is exactly the
shape of the Ludic compiler itself, whose Node/Tok/Buf/Val are now `property`.
Mechanics:
- record layout (%Cmp_) now always emitted in the header (emit_head), so `new`
works with or without the ECS; the per-entity arrays stay in
emit_ecs_storage. %Str_ is gone — one layout prefix.
- has_ecs() is now `has_systems() or has_models()`, not "any component"; a
property alone no longer drags in the ECS runtime. Added has_models().
- emit_new / member access / layout_ty / layout_node collapse onto find_comp.
Dropped struct keyword, parse_struct, find_struct, is_struct_ty, N_STRUCT
emission (the const stays at kind 0, the default node kind).
Migration done as two reseeds (the old compiler treats any component as ECS, so
it cannot see `property` records in the compiler source until has_ecs is fixed):
A) teach the compiler property-as-record + fix has_ecs, keeping `struct`;
B) migrate the compiler's own records to `property` and remove `struct`.
selfhost/tests/structs.ludic migrated (still prints 7 9 109 2 42). Vocabulary
drops `struct` from DECL (ludic_syntax.h, grammar, LudicTokens.kt). LANGUAGE.md
"Records" section rewritten. Reseeded (21613 lines); C-free fixpoint holds;
goldens identical; 17/17; vocab + doc-fences clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The parser now requires a newline or ';' between statements (block() in
selfhost/parse.ludic); two statements may no longer sit adjacent with only
spaces. Also fixed if-without-else swallowing its trailing separator.
Migration: tools/ludic-tools/migrate_separators.c inserts ';' at statement
boundaries corpus-wide (examples, runtime, 25 self-host fragments, ~1100
boundaries). Verified semantically identical — the migrated compiler compiles
itself to IR byte-identical to the pre-migration seed, and every golden game
renders identically. Reseeded to the strict compiler; C-free fixpoint holds;
test.sh 14/14.
Docs: Rule B documented in LANGUAGE.md; BOOTSTRAP.md R1 + stale fences updated;
check-docs green across all docs. Fixed a multi-line string literal in
emit_expr.ludic (byte-identical \n escape) that the C toolchain lexer mis-lexes.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Self-hosted compiler (selfhost/*.ludic), runtime, examples, editor tooling,
and docs. Phase 1 of the syntax-redesign cohesion pass has landed:
edge-system fix, signature-query, when-alias, and the documentation truth-pass.
Suite green (14/14), C-free bootstrap fixpoint holds.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
