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65 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
0a7525b125 feat(ui): popovers, tooltips, progress; the render3d backend installs itself; duplicate names caught first
- `popover`: a top layer that keeps the pointer and the keyboard, closed by a press outside or Esc.
- `title` tooltips after half a second's rest, styled by .ui-tooltip.
- `<progress>` and `<meter>`.
- Atlases take rows and number cells, and importing ludic.ui/render3d.ludic is enough to draw with
  render3d.
- The compiler reports two declarations of one name before it type-checks, so a package global
  clashing with a program's reads as that, not as 29 type errors.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 17:41:02 +03:00
1dad96102a feat(ui): ludic.ui is a UI framework - input, controls, render3d backend, the CSS a game needs
A game no longer writes a host:
- The runtime reads Input itself: focus and keyboard navigation (Tab, arrows, Enter/Space,
  autofocus), the pointer (hover, :active, click on release, drag), and scroll boxes with the
  wheel, a draggable scrollbar, clipping and scroll-into-view.
- HTML's controls are built in (button, checkbox, radio, range, select, text, key capture), made
  of plain parts a stylesheet styles, each reporting with on-change and event.value.
- ludic.ui/render3d.ludic draws with render3d's overlay: textures, named atlases (icon:NAME),
  nine-slice border-image, rounded rects and rings, clipping, and a scale.
- Hooks for the program's language, sounds and clock (ui_translator, ui_sounds, ui_clock).
- ui_dev: hot reload, errors on screen, LUDIC_UI_DUMP.
- CSS:
  - colours as #rgb / #rrggbbaa / rgb() / rgba() / names;
  - border-radius and outline (following the radius), box-shadow, background-image and a tinted
    border-image;
  - group opacity, @keyframes / animation, transition;
  - :focus, :focus-visible and :focus-within.
- HTML mixed content, and boolean attributes.
- render3d gains tex_width / tex_height, and the XML reader keeps text runs in order.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 17:26:09 +03:00
20d011f8e9 feat(lang): UI components as files - component Name { ... } beside Name.xml and Name.lss
The compiler turns a component declaration into:
- a record of its props and state;
- a constructor, a props setter, a model and a call;
- a class, registered with ludic.ui at start.

Its template and styles are read from beside it and compiled in, with @import inlined, and a
missing template fails the build.

In the runtime:
- each mounted instance keeps its own props and state, and `set` in a template writes the state;
- styles are scoped to the component;
- class, style and id on a component's tag land on its root, styled by the parent's sheet too;
- ui_reload re-reads a component's files from disk and keeps instances.

The package's own module is now ludic_ui, so a program may call a directory of its own ui.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 16:50:12 +03:00
637d07400e feat(ui): ludic.ui grows toward HTML, CSS and React (Phase 0.U1-U4)
- Natives: ui_native(tag, measure, draw) makes an element the program draws itself; ui_fire
  runs its on-<event> with event.value. input, select and textarea have simple defaults.
- React:
  - keyed <each>, <let>, <provide> context through components, <fragment>;
  - named slots, default props on <component>;
  - on-mount / on-unmount;
  - inline text inside text elements.
- CSS:
  - custom properties and var();
  - position relative/absolute/fixed with insets and z-index;
  - em/rem/vw/vh and @media;
  - wrapping text and ellipsis, overflow;
  - + and ~ combinators, :nth-child(an+b), :checked, :active.
- Developing: errors with file:line, ui_errors(), ui_reload() keeping state, and an
  inspector-style ui_dump.
- view fields infer the type of a literal or a named function's result.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 16:17:25 +03:00
66a2bc2214 feat(lang): L11 views and templates - the UI is markup, not code
A `view Name { field = x; function q(..); on e(..) }` declaration is the one bridge between a
program and its UI: it writes view_<name>() -> UiView, whose model is a Value of every field and
whose call runs a query or an event by name.

ludic.ui is a template runtime:
- HTML-shaped XML screens and components, loaded at run time;
- {expression} bindings, if/else/each, props, slots, per-instance state;
- on-press / onclick actions (event, set, emit);
- component libraries (export="true", <import src as>).

Styling:
- stylesheets in <style> or importable .lss files (@import);
- CSS selectors (#id, .class, [attr=v], descendant and > combinators, :hover, :disabled,
  :first-child, :last-child, :nth-child, :not) weighed by specificity;
- the box model and flex under CSS's property names.

Also:
- default parameters, and positional-then-named calls;
- Value gains a float kind;
- a function shadowing a runtime one is refused;
- an index is evaluated before the slice is read;
- runtime errors name the right file.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 15:58:47 +03:00
334469ef61 feat(tools): L10 ludic-fmt enforces a project's style
lint lines in package.ludic - one_statement, max_file_lines, max_function_lines,
max_comment_lines, max_header_lines, paths, baseline - checked by ludic-fmt --check
<files> and ludic-fmt --lint (the project), at the line; a baseline ratchet lets a
rule arrive in a codebase that breaks it (--init-baseline), lowered as it is fixed.
check-impl reads the alias declarations too (it had been blind to every namespace
L6 moved out of the compiler), and eight methods get their pages; a test holds the
formatter to keeping type arguments together (L5).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 14:38:35 +03:00
e543525eb7 feat(lang): L9 resource files - registry ... from
registry NAME of RECORD [as PREFIX] from "file.lres" fills a registry from a data
file of key { field: value } entries, read at compile time with the record as its
schema: every entry is checked like a def, errors name the resource file's line,
nested records and lists of them are bare { } / [{ }] typed by their fields, and
values are expressions in the registry's module. The entries are compiled in, so
nothing parses at start-up and a build that succeeds has validated its resources.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 14:00:20 +03:00
7e7f3ab297 feat(lang): L8 registries by declaration - registry and def
registry NAME of RECORD [as PREFIX] is a global table; def NAME key { ... } in
any file is one entry, collected in source order and filled before any code
runs. Each entry gets an index constant (PREFIX_KEY), the table PREFIX_COUNT,
and a record with a key field gets it filled and a NAME_find(key). A record
literal naming a field its record lacks is now an error everywhere; a global's
initializer is lowered as its own file's code (its errors, and what its module
may see, were whichever statement came last).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 13:34:51 +03:00
b0b0b62bce feat(lang): L7 memory is safe unless it says unsafe
The typed buffers are slices: words/floats/fixeds/doubles/pointers(n) make
zeroed, bounds-checked []int/[]float/... and the type names mean them. buffer(n)
is a []byte, with text_of, Fs.read_bytes/write_bytes and view(xs, start, n).
bytes(), indexing a raw pointer or bytes, free, resize, Memory.*, raw file calls,
data_of and C externs are refused outside unsafe { } / unsafe function, and a
project's own files may write unsafe only with --unsafe; the runtime and packages
are the platform. A slice passed to an extern goes as its data.

What the change found: Sync's atomics on a slice header, words(n) uninitialised,
input's fixed axes in ints, truetype's fixed outlines as ints, skin matrices
typed int, gl_shader's source table made from raw bytes. render3d gets safe
entry points (safe_api.ludic). Rendering is byte-identical; a frame costs the same.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 12:53:27 +03:00
9259808f80 feat(lang): L6 namespaces declared in Ludic - alias
`alias meth(labels) = target` in a namespace block makes Ns.meth a call to
target with those labels (the target's own parameter names without a list). The
engine's 41 table-driven namespaces - 438 methods: Http, Udp, Process, Json,
Value, Screen, Input, Audio, World, Tiled, ... - leave emit_ns_call for
runtime/native/namespaces.ludic, spliced into every program; 532 lines of
compiler go and the seed shrinks by 23k lines of IR. The game's IR is byte
identical. The checker checks an alias call's arguments against its target.
Still built in: the inline namespaces (Math, Text, List, Vector, Color, Time,
Date, ...) and the methods that pick a target by argument type.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 02:40:57 +03:00
6a24b14f0e feat(lang): L5 generic records and functions
property Pool<T> { ... }, function first<T>(xs: []T) -> T, map<T, U> over fn
types; a type writes an instance as Pool<Thing>, nested as deep as needed. The
parser names an instance Pool$Thing and remembers its generic and arguments; the
checker takes the generic declarations out, infers a call's type arguments from
its arguments or its result's declared slot, and makes each instance once as an
ordinary record or function, checked like any other. Errors print Pool<Thing>.
An instance keeps its generic's module and export (L3). ludic-fmt keeps type
arguments together while spacing comparisons and shifts.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 02:21:15 +03:00
57b66bdf47 feat(lang): L4 type checker between parse and emit
selfhost/check/ walks every function, the entry, tests, globals' initializers and
@On listeners with real scopes, and refuses mixed number kinds, text and numbers,
two record types, mismatched slices and fn types, wrong argument counts, wrong
returns and wrong push elements - every mix-up at once, each at its line.
LUDIC_CHECK_REPORT=1 lists them by category. pointer stays untyped (L7's).

What it found is fixed: render3d's HDR scan calling the float-bits extern f_lt
with floats; ludic.shooter's right-stick aim overflowing past half a push;
prof.ludic storing longs in []int; extern arguments now coerced to their
parameters. Text-returning runtime functions say string; Assets.ready says bool.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 01:34:49 +03:00
0677aee93f feat(lang): L3 module scope - module, export, friend module
A barrel's 'module NAME' makes its directory a module; a declaration other modules
use says 'export'. Private use from another module is an error naming the module
and where to mark it; 'friend module' sees everything (a test harness); a file in
no module is public and a package keeps its own module. LUDIC_VIS_REPORT=1 lists
every violation instead of stopping, so a codebase can be given its exports first.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 00:52:12 +03:00
0c73287e35 feat(lang): functions are values (L2), and render3d takes its scene as callbacks
fn(int, float) -> bool is a type, fn name is any top-level function's value, and a call through
a local, a global, a record field, a slice element, a parameter or a result of a function type
is an indirect call; two function types mix only when equal, a call checks its argument count,
and a value may be null (examples/functions/values.ludic). Job.parallel_for keeps its worker
check.

render3d's scene is registered rather than required by name: r3d_on_draw, r3d_on_casters and
r3d_on_stream_fill (hooks.ludic). The two rendering examples register theirs - and had defined
scene_draw_casters with no parameter while the renderer passed one, which nothing checked.
render3d declares numbers float itself; smooth.ludic is converted to floats and returns when
r3d_init fails instead of running on into a segfault. Noise.* check their argument count (a call
one short crashed the compiler). selfhost-build says why it failed. The migration tool reads a
declared float as evidence. Seed regenerated.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 00:27:26 +03:00
dc75a5a5ab feat(lang): a name is defined once, a local once per block, and a result is always returned
L1. Two vars, consts, enums, properties or events of one name in a program are an error naming
both places (functions already were); the first used to win silently. A let / var of a name its
own block already declared is an error (it used to shadow). A function with a result type whose
body can reach its end without a return is an error, asked structurally of the body - a return,
an if/else or a match with a default arm whose every branch ends - rather than handing back
whatever the result slot held. The game, the lab and every package example pass all three;
the lab had one harmless shadow, and the game's split screens had two real bugs of the kind.
examples/rejected/ holds the four refusals, checked by the test runner's new reject_case.
Seed regenerated.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-23 23:55:20 +03:00
3ac0d8d5cb feat(lang): numbers float - a module whose decimal literals are float
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-23 16:02:11 +03:00
1900f9ca80 fix(compiler): == / != on references is identity; only text compares by content
emit_bin_vals lowered every pointer-typed ==/!= to @lp_str_eq, so two
distinct records compared their bytes up to the first zero byte. Content
compare now needs both sides to be text (string, or the untyped
pointer/ptr runtime code carries text in); other references use
icmp eq ptr, and string vs a non-text reference is a compile error.
Adds selfhost/tests/identity.ludic; both seeds regenerated.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-16 16:13:31 +03:00
e010c2cecc feat(lang): float and double types with ordinary operators
`float` (32-bit) and `double` (64-bit) with + - * / %, comparisons and unary minus.
Decimal literals take their type from context and stay `fixed` elsewhere; int and long
promote implicitly (LUDIC_WARN_FLOAT_PROMOTE=1 lists every promotion). float(), double(),
int(), long() and fixed() convert; floats(n)/doubles(n) buffers; float fields, globals,
constants and parameters; Math.* computes in float for float arguments; string/print
write the shortest round-tripping decimal; float_bits/float_from_bits expose the bits.
@deterministic code may not use floats. The f_* runtime helpers stay as they are.

Editors know the new type words; the JetBrains plugin is 1.5.0.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-16 16:13:31 +03:00
f92d7f89c6 feat(tooling): JetBrains IDE support, LSP navigation, barrel imports, package scripts and hooks
- JetBrains plugin 1.4.0: semantic colours (builtin / vendor / own), template strings,
  brace handling, run configurations and a test console, package.ludic and
  package.lock.ludic editing (completion, docs, app preview, colour previews, asset
  navigation), External Libraries for the runtime and packages, doc pages for built-ins
- ludic-lsp: go to definition for imports, document links, hover with inferred types,
  type definition, signature help with parameters, docs from docs/language
- `import "dir"` resolves a barrel `dir/index.ludic`
- package.ludic `entry`, `script` and `hook before|after <command>`; `ludic <script>`,
  `ludic script`, `ludic scripts`
- `ludic test --verbose` and `--test NAME`; the test runner filters by name

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-16 16:13:31 +03:00
f25289db20 feat(gl): OpenGL 4.1 and the ludic.render3d renderer
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`Gl.*` binds the whole OpenGL 4.1 core API — every entry point of the
platform gl3.h with every GL_* constant, generated by `ludic-dev glgen`
with per-call ABI thunks. Windowed builds get an NSOpenGLContext on the
existing window at Retina resolution; headless builds render into an
offscreen CGL context, so a program that uses Gl.* renders and
screenshots identically under the test harness. It links gl.ll, the
thunks and OpenGL.framework only when used; every other build stays
byte-identical.

packages/ludic.render3d is a physically based renderer written on that
surface: HDRI image-based lighting, GPU-generated terrain with scanned
PBR materials, CDLOD, cascaded shadows, glTF with skinning, instanced
vegetation with impostors, procedural grass, water, SSAO, and an HDR
pipeline with bloom, auto-exposure and ACES.

It also carries this session's work on it: the terrain at half its cost
(10.3 -> 5.4 ms of frame), the streaming hitch that got worse the longer
you played, a resize that emptied the world, and the packaging that lets
a game use the renderer from its own repository — `ludic assets`, the
material manifest shipping with the package, and shader lookup falling
back to the install root. See changes/ for each, with its numbers.

The camping game that drove all of it has moved out to its own
repository, Maroon Lake; examples/rendering/smooth.ludic stays as the
renderer's example here.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-10 03:31:12 +03:00
e175619543 refactor(cli)!: split the contributor tool out of the ludic CLI
`ludic help` ended with a section titled "contributing to the toolchain itself",
listing bootstrap, reseed, docs-gen and release tasks. None of that is available
to someone who installed the language — those tasks need the repository — so the
shipped tool was advertising work its user cannot do, in a namespace they have to
read past to find `new` and `run`.

The tasks move to a second program, dev.ludic -> bin/ludic-dev, built from a
checkout and excluded from every release artifact. `ludic` keeps the project and
package commands and nothing else; `ludic dev …` now explains where the tasks
went instead of failing as an unknown command.

What this shook out: the two programs share prelude/build/project/pkg, so the
helpers each had accreted in whichever file first needed them — cc(),
ensure_ludicc, the string functions, title_case, cmd_version — moved to where
both can see them. The argument-shift indirection added for the `dev` namespace
is gone with the namespace, so commands read argv directly again.

`ludic-dev test` asserts the split rather than trusting it: the staged install
must build a project, and `ludic dev build` there must fail while naming
ludic-dev. install.sh keeps building older tags, whose bootstrap goes through
main.ludic.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-05 23:15:12 +03:00
aca263642d feat(cli): install in one command, and call the CLI ludic
Getting started meant cloning the repository, bootstrapping a compiler and
learning a task runner called `x`. That is a contributor's workflow handed to
everyone who wants to try the language.

Installing is now one command:

    curl -fsSL https://workshopsoft.pages.workshopsoft.io/ludic/install.sh | sh

install.sh puts a complete toolchain — compiler, CLI, engine runtime, bundled
ludic.* packages, formatter, language server — in ~/.ludic and adds it to PATH.
Prebuilt artifacts are checksum-verified; where a platform has none, or the
release predates this layout, it bootstraps from the compiler's own IR seed with
clang. The docs site publishes the script beside the pages that quote it, so the
page and the script can never come from different releases.

`x` becomes `ludic`, and the surface splits by audience. A user of the language
sees `new`, `run`, `build`, `test`, `add`, `fmt`, `lsp`, `doctor`, `upgrade`;
`ludic new` scaffolds a project that builds and plays as it stands. Everything
the toolchain repo needs moved under `ludic dev` — build, test, reseed,
bootstrap-cfree, docs-gen, release — unchanged apart from the namespace. Those
tasks read arguments one position further along, so dispatch_dev sets a shift
and commands use arg_n()/arg_total() rather than each knowing its own depth.

Release artifacts become complete install roots (bin/ beside runtime/, packages/
and VERSION) rather than bare binaries, which is what the installer unpacks.
`ludic dev test` asserts the whole shape: it stages an install, puts it on PATH
with no LUDIC_HOME, and runs new -> build -> test through it.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-05 22:01:52 +03:00
583783449a docs: correct stale references across LANGUAGE, README, COMPILING, CONTRIBUTING
- LANGUAGE.md: real diagnostic format, list literals, Font.load / Ui.*
  (no `reg`/`set_reg`, no `/Handler/Library` typo), `extern function`,
  existing example links, Input.key(); builtins table trimmed to what exists
- COMPILING.md: pipeline names selfhost/ (not compiler/*.c), `program`
  instead of game/module, all thirteen win_* entry points by group
- README.md: the window seam is not "five" functions
- CONTRIBUTING.md: docs are checked with `x docs-gen` / `x docs-check`
- docs/language: kw-ui and fn-ui_build use the namespaced API;
  @ClearColor documents constant expressions; examples/README lists
  operators.ludic

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-05 01:12:26 +03:00
ad548840c7 feat(engine): #90 atlas-aware Sprite component, #91 become from listeners, 0.3.x ergonomics batch
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Closes the two open issues and lands the pending unreleased batch:

- #90: `Sprite { atlas: 1 }` routes esys_sprite through atlas_draw_ex
  (scale/flip/tint), so cell / cell_span / strip ids of any size draw
  through the engine sprite-render system. examples/library/sprite_atlas
  is the pixel-readback regression.
- #91: `become` from an @On(Event) listener / global handler / plain
  function no longer segfaults the compiler; it emits @L_scene_leave()
  (a dispatch on the live scene id) so the leaving scene's on-exit runs.
  UI_* handles are readable from any code (widget table built on first
  use). examples/library/scene_menus covers it.
- fix: a windowed `ludicc -o` build that reaches the audio runtime only
  through the atlas/Assets preload import now links audio.ll +
  AVFoundation (the audio backend link was gated on a game-level
  Audio.* call, so any windowed game declaring Sprite failed to link).
- the hand-written "Unreleased" CHANGELOG section is converted to
  changesets under changes/ so `x release` generates it.
- plus the batch: engine-driven retained UI + UiClicked event, Overlay
  phase, TileSkin tilemap-render system, Key.* constants, Font/Ui/File
  namespaces, Sprite.strip, prefabs, managers, countdown fields,
  enum-typed machines, layer @Queries, ludic.prefs / ludic.dungeon
  packages, Ai.seek pathing, Solids.solid2, cursor confine (mode 3)
  fix, shooter centre-aim fix, reserved-word function diagnostic.

Verified: x test (124/124), x test-tools, check-impl, check-vocabulary,
check-docs, docs-gen + docs-check, bootstrap-cfree (seed is a fixpoint).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-04 01:36:08 +03:00
872f458cb2 feat(types): tagged-union enums — variant payloads + binding match + exhaustiveness (#56)
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Extend `enum` from named int constants to a tagged union: a variant may
carry a payload (`enum Tile { Empty, Wall, Door(int), Portal(int, int) }`).
Such enums box to a heap record (an i32 tag at offset 0, then one 8-byte
slot per payload position); an all-bare enum keeps its zero-cost compile-
time-ordinal representation, byte-for-byte unchanged (every golden render
and the bootstrap fixpoint still hold).

- Parser: variant payload declarations, stored as N_PARAM kids on the
  variant node.
- Construction: by name — `Door(3)`, `Portal(x, y)`, bare `Empty` — resolved
  ahead of the function-call fallback and boxed with the payloads coerced to
  their declared types.
- match: destructures a tagged scrutinee, switching on the tag and binding
  each arm's payload names in a scoped local frame.
- Checking pass: a tagged `match` must be exhaustive (cover every variant or
  end in `_`), and constructor/pattern arities and binding forms are checked
  — all reported where the scrutinee's type is known.

Adds selfhost/tests/enums.ludic to the regression suite and documents the
feature in LANGUAGE.md and the enum/match pages.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-01 03:07:46 +03:00
53bb441f23 feat(input): raw device layer — multi-key held state, analog, mouse, gamepad, touch, full-state replay (#50)
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The raw device layer the input proposal sketched, over the action maps +
record/replay of #7. Beyond one key per frame, gameplay can read:

- Multiple simultaneous held keys: Input.key_down / key_pressed / key_released,
  with clean rising/falling edges (hold left AND jump).
- Analog from keys: Input.axis(neg, pos) and a normalized Input.vector(l,r,u,d)
  (diagonals scaled by 1/sqrt(2)), plus Input.strength(action).
- Mouse: Input.mouse_x/y, mouse_dx/dy (per-frame delta), mouse_down(btn), wheel.
- Gamepads: Input.pad_connected/pad_button/pad_axis (SDL-order buttons, -1..1
  sticks); touch: Input.touch_count/touch_x/touch_y.

The held set is fed by the platform when windowed — cocoa.ll now tracks
keyDown/keyUp into a 256-bit held-key bitset (win_held) and the mouse
buttons/wheel (win_mouse), gated so headless builds DCE the native calls — and
by the Input.press / Input.set_mouse / Input.set_pad / Input.set_touch injection
on every target (Godot-style action injection: replays, AI, network-fed input).
Input.record / replay now snapshot the full per-frame device state (held set +
mouse), extending #7's single-key tape.

Everything is integer and deterministic, so the same inputs reproduce the same
frame on every run and headless. The gamepad/touch native hardware bindings
(GameController.framework / NSTouch) feed the same injected state and are the one
remaining platform-glue follow-up; the software layer, semantics and replay are
complete and driven deterministically today.

Worked example + regression: examples/library/input_device.ludic
(1 1 0 1 0 1 71 -71 5 1 3 1 2 1 0 0 1, injection-driven headless). 23 new
docs/language/input pages. Full suite 78 passed, self-host C-free fixpoint
intact, no golden drift; cocoa.ll assembles and a windowed build links.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 17:14:24 +03:00
1f5e3c1c1a feat(anim): animation ergonomics — named clips, Anim.play/Motion.to, frame events, fluent Tween handles (#48)
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The ergonomic layer over the engine-owned SpriteAnim/Motion systems (#43):

- Named clips: Anim.clip("run", frames, fps, mode) registers a clip by name and
  Anim.play(entity, "run") plays it; Anim.play(entity, fps, frames, mode) sets
  the clip directly. A name-keyed registry in systems.ludic.
- Frame events: Anim.on_frame(entity, frame) arms optional SpriteAnim
  event_frame/event_fired fields; the engine flags the tick the clip first lands
  on that frame, and Anim.fired(entity) reads it — the game reacts, so it stays
  inside the no-runtime-dispatch event model.
- Motion.to(entity, from, to, dur, ease) starts a value tween over the Motion
  component in one call (reflection-ABI writes, resetting the timer).
- Fluent Tween handles (runtime/native/tween.ludic): Tween.to / Tween.chain /
  Tween.delay build a sequenced, disposable handle advanced by a new engine-owned
  system (esys_tween, run each Update tick); Tween.value / Tween.done /
  Tween.parallel / Tween.stop read and control it. The 1-arg Tween.done(handle)
  is disambiguated from the 2-arg pure Tween.done(timer, dur).

Splicing: g_uses_anim_rt pulls in systems.ludic; g_uses_tween_rt pulls in
tween.ludic and inserts esys_tween into the Update phase. All integer and
deterministic, so animation and motion reproduce exactly under replay/lockstep.

Worked example + regression: examples/library/anim_sugar.ludic
(4 8 2 1 0 100 100 0 0 1 20 20 30 0 1). Twelve new docs pages (Anim, the new
Motion namespace, Tween handles). Full suite 77 passed, self-host C-free fixpoint
intact, no golden drift.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 16:53:16 +03:00
382826889f feat(light): render-quality tiers 3-4 — cones, falloff, soft shadows, gels, normals, day/night (#49)
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The remaining lighting tiers from the original proposal, all extending the
deterministic accumulation core (light.ludic) — no new ECS plumbing:

- Light.spot: cone / flashlight lights (direction + spread degrees), with a
  self-contained integer atan2-in-degrees and a feathered edge.
- Light.falloff: a brightness-ramp exponent (1 linear, 2 quadratic, …) via
  repeated fixed multiply.
- Light.soft: soft shadows — an area-sampled light so an occluder edge fades
  through a penumbra instead of a hard cut.
- Light.gel + Light.clear_gel: colour cookies — a light gels from its centre
  colour to a rim colour.
- Light.normal + Light.clear_normals + Light.height: a normal G-buffer so
  surfaces shade by facing (N·L), not distance alone (tier 3).
- Light.time_of_day: a day/night ambient ramp from a single 0..1 value.

The engine lighting system (systems_light.ludic) consumes matching optional
Light2D fields — direction/spread/falloff/softness/gel — each defaulting off so
an older five-field Light2D lights exactly as before. Every tier is integer +
Q16.16 fixed, so scenes light identically on every run and headless.

Worked example + regression: examples/library/light_tiers.ludic (1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1).
Nine new docs/language/light pages. Full suite 76 passed, self-host C-free
fixpoint intact, no golden drift.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 16:35:41 +03:00
377b6d1186 feat(input): action maps + deterministic record/replay (#7)
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The two ideas the input revamp leads with, built in Ludic over the
single-key poll every target already provides:

- Action maps: gameplay reads named actions, not physical keys, so keys
  are rebindable and a scheme is data. Input.bind(action, key),
  Input.down/pressed(action), Input.rebind(action, from, to).
- Deterministic record/replay: Input.poll() is the one per-frame input
  read; Input.record() captures the key each frame and Input.replay()
  feeds the tape back, so a run reproduces exactly — the seed of lockstep
  netcode. "Read input" and "read a recorded snapshot" are the same call.

runtime/native/input.ludic (spliced when the new Input.* methods are used;
pulls in core.ludic for rt_poll). emit_ns_call routes the methods to the
@fn_input_* runtime; parse.ludic gates the splice. Seven docs/language
pages; worked example + regression examples/library/input_actions.ludic
(1 0 1 1 0 1 0). Full suite 75 passed, self-host fixpoint intact, no golden
drift. The device layer (multi-key held, gamepads, touch, analog) needs a
platform key-state backend and is tracked separately.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 16:03:56 +03:00
3679ce1797 feat(ecs): Light2D/Occluder/Ambient as auto-consumed components (#47)
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The ECS-native shape the 2D lighting follow-up asked for, built on the
engine-owned-system hook from #43. A torch is just an entity carrying
Light2D, a wall an entity carrying Occluder, and one Ambient entity sets
the night tint — the engine runs the whole deterministic light pass at the
end of the Render phase (ambient modulate -> carve occluder shadows ->
accumulate additive radial lights) and presents. No Light.* calls wired.

- runtime/native/systems_light.ludic: esys_light2d, consuming the components
  through the by-name reflection ABI and reusing the #4 accumulation core
  (light_ambient / light_occlude / light_point). Reads position from a
  Position component when present, else the light's own x/y.
- Split from systems.ludic so a SpriteAnim/Motion-only game never links the
  light pass; spliced (with light.ludic) only when Light2D/Occluder declared.
- emit_main now boots rt_init like the auto-loop/test runner, so an
  entry-driven game that renders has its framebuffer allocated (headless:
  allocate only, no window, byte-identical stdout for non-rendering games).

Worked example + regression: examples/library/light_ecs.ludic (32 1 32 1).
Full suite 74 passed, self-host C-free fixpoint intact, no golden drift.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 15:49:50 +03:00
b0143337d9 feat(ecs): engine-owned systems auto-tick user components (#43)
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Adds the ECS hook issues #43 and #47 named as their real dependency: a
system the *engine* owns, inserted into the frame loop over a component a
game merely declares and carries — no `handler` wired.

- runtime/native/systems.ludic: esys_spriteanim (SpriteAnim frame advance:
  loop/once/pingpong) and esys_motion (Motion value tween: linear/in/out/
  in-out), both on the by-name reflection ABI, integer + deterministic.
- backend: emit_engine_systems_for_phase inserts the calls after every user
  handler in a phase (auto-loop and the drivable tick helpers alike);
  uses_engine_systems() drives the systems.ludic splice, the world-table
  force-emit, and makes a component-only game count as a systems game.
- A game that declares neither component is byte-for-byte unchanged.

Worked example + regression: examples/library/anim_ecs.ludic. Full suite
73 passed, self-host C-free bootstrap fixpoint intact.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 15:41:44 +03:00
c040fff8c8 docs: move design/roadmap docs to the wiki, trim the repo root
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The repository root carried 11 large Markdown files (~330 KB); most were
long-lived design records rather than things a newcomer needs on first
contact, which buried the README and mixed "how to use Ludic" with "how we
decided to build it."

Move the design/roadmap docs to the Forgejo wiki (now enabled and
populated): Events, Networking, Scenes, Lifecycle, Mobile and
Syntax-redesign design records, the Bootstrap deep-dive and the Luanti
roadmap, under a Home index + sidebar. Each page had its selfhost/ source
links corrected for the #29 reorg and every repo-relative link rewritten to
an absolute URL on main so it resolves from the wiki.

All eight were current, actively-maintained records, so none were dropped.
The root now holds README.md plus the two user-facing references,
LANGUAGE.md and COMPILING.md; the README links to the wiki, and the
remaining references in LANGUAGE.md / COMPILING.md / examples/README.md and
the emit_net.ludic header comment point at the wiki pages. The emit_net.ludic
change is a comment only — the seed stays byte-identical and bootstrap-cfree
+ the full suite (56) stay green.

Closes #26

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-31 00:36:19 +03:00
fb728bbefe chore(repo): DX cleanup — categorise examples, text-diffable golden, build/ output (#27 #28 #30)
Repository-cleanup / DX pass folding three tracker items into one coherent
change, verified green end to end (`bin/x test` 49/0, `bin/x selfhost-test`
29/0, `bin/x test-tools` 29/0).

#28 — curate & categorise examples/
- 42 flat entries regrouped into intent-revealing subdirs: games/, rendering/,
  ecs/, events/, networking/, lang/, library/ (was lib/).
- chronorift dir-vs-file duplication resolved: the entry file and its import
  modules now live together under games/chronorift(.ludic).
- Every path reference updated repo-wide (test runner, editor-tool drivers,
  docs/site, design docs).
- New examples/README.md indexes the whole set with run commands.
- Showcase examples without a self-asserting entry (hello, events, net_rt) now
  get a compile-only rot guard in `bin/x test`, so nothing here rots silently.

#30 — text-diffable golden baseline
- The 4 binary selfhost/golden/*.ppm blobs are replaced by a single
  selfhost/golden/renders.sha256 manifest (SHA-256 per render). Hashes are
  byte-identical to the old PPMs, so the baseline is unchanged — only its form.
- game_case now compares framebuffer hashes; a regression shows as a changed
  hex line in review, not "binary files differ".
- New `bin/x golden` regenerates the manifest deliberately (review with
  `git diff selfhost/golden/renders.sha256`).

#27 — PPM & asset handling
- Headless renders now write build/out.ppm, never the repo root; `x app`,
  `x clean`, messaging and .gitignore updated to match. Nothing is written to
  the working root any more.
- Redundant local Kenney .zip archives removed (the art ships extracted;
  .gitignore already excludes *.zip). CC0 License.txt files retained.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-30 18:54:21 +03:00
2e0047514b refactor(lang): rename builtins flr->floor and fx->fixed
De-abbreviate the two bare fixed-point conversion builtins:
  flr(f) -> int     ->  floor(f) -> int    (fixed -> int, flooring)
  fx(i)  -> fixed   ->  fixed(i) -> fixed  (int -> fixed; mirrors how the
                                            stringify builtin is `string`)

Updates the compiler dispatch, all call sites, the grammars/LSP/JetBrains
tokens, and the docs (fn-flr -> fn-floor, fn-fx -> fn-fixed). Reseeded;
C-free fixpoint holds; all suites green (45/24/29); site + check.py OK.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-30 02:01:56 +03:00
4c48077d68 refactor(lang): rename the fn keyword to function
Expand the function-declaration keyword to the full word across the whole
language and toolchain:
  fn name(...) -> T { ... }   ->   function name(...) -> T { ... }

Done as a self-hosting migration: teach the parser both spellings, reseed,
rewrite every .ludic definition to `function`, then drop `fn`. The compiler
now rejects `fn`. Touches the parser, all selfhost/tools/runtime/example/test
sources, the grammars (TextMate shared+vscode, ludic_syntax.h, JetBrains
LudicTokens.kt), the LSP and formatter, the Python doc/vocab tools
(check-impl, check-docs, validate, palette, test-lsp), and the docs
(fences, prose, kw-fn -> kw-function).

Reseeded; C-free bootstrap fixpoint holds. All suites green (45 regression,
24 self-host, 29 tool); the docs site generates and check.py passes.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-30 01:43:22 +03:00
a38195128f feat(stdlib): namespaced standard library (issue #2)
Implement the bulk of the namespaced-stdlib proposal (workshopsoft/ludic#2):
156 namespace methods across Math, Text, List, Ease, Collide, World, Net,
Sys, Save, Mem, extended Screen, Color functions, extended Random, and Time.
All deterministic fixed-point; self-hosting (C-free bootstrap fixpoint holds).

Compiler (selfhost/):
- Math.*: sqrt/sin/cos/tan/atan2/asin/acos (fixed-point runtime prelude —
  bit-by-bit isqrt, 256-entry interpolated sine table, Ross atan2), plus
  hypot/dist/dist2/deg_to_rad/rad_to_deg/posmod/wrap/ping_pong/snapped/
  move_toward/smoothstep/lerp/remap/sign/floor/ceil/round.
- Text.* (complete): upper/lower/trim/repeat/pad, split/join/replace,
  and the libc-backed queries.
- List.* (complete): insert/remove_at/remove/sort plus the earlier ops.
- Ease.* (in/out/in_out/back/bounce) and Collide.* (rects/point_rect/
  circles/rect_circle).
- Phase 3: World/Net/Sys/Save namespaced over the bare builtins (byte-
  identical IR) and Mem.* (bytes/words/copy/fill/peek/poke).
- Screen.* extended (line/circle/fill_circle/triangle/fill_triangle via new
  runtime primitives; sprite/sprite_scaled aliases), Color.* functions,
  Random.* (value/int/sign), Time.* (frame/delta/elapsed/now — new
  game-loop frame counter).
- Fix a lexer bug: fixed-point literals with >4 fractional digits overflowed.

Docs & tooling:
- 129 new per-symbol doc pages; gen.py made data-driven (namespaces
  discovered from the docs, no hardcoded list); new check-impl.py enforces
  that every implemented namespace method / keyword / type / phase has a
  doc page, wired into `x test-tools`. Document the previously-undocumented
  keywords (break/continue/where/entry/new/public + and/or/not tokens).
- LSP: namespaced signature help (ns_method_sig) covering every namespace.

Tests: 12 new self-host/regression tests + a golden render for the drawing
primitives. All suites green (selfhost 21, regression 45, tools 29).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-30 00:26:19 +03:00
bca8f126fc Networking N2–N6, and a fully C-free toolchain
Implement the rest of NETWORKING-DESIGN.md (N2–N6) and eliminate every
`.c` file from the repo. clang remains only the LLVM-IR assembler; no C
is compiled anywhere.

Networking (selfhost/emit_net.ludic + parser/emit changes):
- N2 @Sync: per-model serialize/apply + by-kind dispatchers; POD-scalar
  compile error and empty-participation warning; selective replication.
- N3 @Owned: @L_owner array + owner/set_owner/is_owner; owners snapshot.
- N4 @ToServer/@ToClients remote events: framed net_send + net_pump re-emit.
- N5 @Server/@Predicted role guards + drivable sim (tick_fixed/tick_render,
  entry-owns-the-loop).
- Built-in loopback transport so multiplayer runs with zero foreign code;
  extern fn net_send/net_poll still overrides it for a real socket.
- N6 blessed runtime (examples/net_rt.ludic) + end-to-end demo (net_demo).
- Fix: llty("entity") is now i32 (entities are i32 handles), so let e = self().

C elimination:
- Networking + foreign-mod-ABI tests rewritten as self-contained pure-Ludic
  programs (examples/net_*, world_*, mod_events, scoped); tests/ removed.
- Reflection ABI exposed to Ludic as world_* builtins (Ludic-to-Ludic modding).
- Formatter rewritten C→Ludic: tools/ludic-tools/fmt.ludic.
- Language server rewritten C→Ludic: tools/ludic-tools/lsp.ludic (lexer, index
  parser, cross-file workspace resolver, JSON, all LSP handlers).
- Obsolete migrate_*.c codemods deleted; ludic_syntax.h kept as vocabulary data.

Suites: ./test.sh 44/44, ./tools/test-tools.sh 28/28 (LSP 42/42), fixpoint holds.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-29 15:08:23 +03:00
d3301684f1 Phase 8b: modern names for the raw-memory and OS/IO primitives
Groups B and C of the leftover-primitive cleanup — renames, not new machinery,
and deliberately NO unsafe_ prefix (a __-prefix is itself a C convention, and an
`unsafe` marker carries no signal in a fully-manual-memory language with no safe
subset to contrast against).

  memory:  mem_free -> free   mem_realloc -> resize   mem_set -> fill
           ptr_add -> offset
  process: os_argc -> arg_count   os_arg -> arg   os_exit -> exit
           os_system -> run   os_getenv -> getenv   read_byte -> read_char
  dead:    mem_copy, os_time, write_byte (0 uses) — deleted

Two reseeds: accept both old and new names in the intrinsic dispatch, then
migrate every call site and drop the old names. file_open/read/write/seek/tell/
close are left as-is — they're the domain-prefixed syscall layer wrapped by
read_file, not the argc/argv-style C-ness the audit targeted; a `File` type is a
separate, larger design if wanted.

test.sh's CLI smoke updated (os_exit -> exit); check-vocabulary's grammar marker
moved off the deleted names. Reseeded (22243 lines); C-free fixpoint holds;
goldens identical; 18/18; vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 02:55:24 +03:00
5a9e8cb2da Phase 8a: finish typed indexing — fixeds/ptrs buffers (retire peekf/pokef/peekp/pokep/str_len)
The last peek/poke pairs were the same "typed buffer access wearing a C name" as
peek8/peek32, so they become indexing too:

  peekf(sc_x, i)     -> sc_x[i]        (a `fixeds` buffer -> a fixed)
  pokep(gc_bmp, s,b) -> gc_bmp[s] = b  (a `ptrs` buffer -> a pointer)
  str_len(s)         -> len(s)         (len is polymorphic since 7f; str_len was dead)

Two new element-typed buffers join words: `fixeds` (32-bit fixed) and `ptrs`
(pointer, 8-byte stride). emit_index_addr dispatches on the base type; IR is
byte-identical to the old intrinsics.

The peekf/peekp buffers (ed_x0/ed_x1/ol_x/sc_x fixed coords; gc_bmp/img_px/
tt_data/ui_text pointer arrays) were retyped scope-aware, then the 33 sites
migrated to indexing. Two bugs found via a menu golden diff / a link-time type
error and fixed: the buffer-name regex truncated digit suffixes (ed_x0 -> ed_x),
and the char-literal brace-miscount skipped a few module declarations (same class
as 7j).

Reseeded (22371 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens byte-identical; 18/18;
vocab (fixeds/ptrs types in, 5 intrinsics out) + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 02:49:40 +03:00
86948d2b19 Phase 7k: bytes(n) / words(n) allocators (retire mem_alloc)
Allocation reads as intent, not malloc:

  mem_alloc(64)          -> bytes(64)              (64 bytes -> a byte buffer)
  mem_alloc(w * h * 4)   -> words(w * h)           (w*h 32-bit words)

bytes(n) mallocs n bytes and returns a plain pointer (byte-indexed); words(n)
mallocs n*4 bytes and returns a `words` pointer (int-indexed). Since words(X) and
mem_alloc(X*4) allocate the identical number of bytes, the migration cannot change
any allocation size — the `* 4` factor just moves from the argument into the
allocator name, pairing naturally with the Phase-7j `words` retyping
(`var fb: words = words(w * h)`).

Migrated 102 sites (mem_alloc(E*4) -> words(E), else bytes(E)); deleted the
mem_alloc intrinsic. mem_realloc/free/copy/set stay as the low-level
reallocation/free family. Reseeded (22565 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens
byte-identical; 18/18; vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 02:26:15 +03:00
ae0bae0457 Phase 7j: words buffers + w[i] word indexing (retire peek32/poke32)
32-bit word access is indexing now, not peek32/poke32:

  peek32(ui_rx, i)       -> ui_rx[i]        (reads an int)
  poke32(rt_fb, i, c)    -> rt_fb[i] = c    (writes an int)

A buffer typed `words` (a pointer whose elements are i32) indexes with `w[i]`
as a full int; a plain `ptr`/`str` keeps byte indexing. emit_index_addr picks the
element type from the base's type — byte-identical IR to the old intrinsics, so
the migration reproduces the compiler and every golden render exactly.

The ~60 word buffers (rt_fb, tt_*/gc_* font tables, png_px/spr_px pixels, ui_*
layout arrays) were retyped from `ptr` to `words` scope-aware (per-function, so
the s/out/p byte-vs-word name collisions across functions stay correct), then the
254 peek32/poke32 sites migrated to indexing. A scope-analysis miss left 12
buffers (gc_*, sc_d, ui_rx/ui_ry) un-retyped — caught as a menu golden diff and
fixed. No true mixed byte+word access exists on any one variable, so a per-buffer
element type is sound.

Reseeded (22527 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens byte-identical; 18/18;
vocab (byte/words types in, peek32/poke32 out) + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 02:20:50 +03:00
1b9789630a Phase 7h: string slicing s[a..b] (retire substr)
`s[a..b]` is a fresh substring of the bytes [a, b) — the modern, end-based form
of the C-style `substr(s, start, count)`:

  substr(src, start, i - start)   -> src[start..i]
  substr(t, 2, len(t) - 2)        -> t[2..len(t)]
  substr(src, i, 2)               -> src[i..i + 2]

Mechanics: a new E_SLICE postfix (`base[lo..hi]`, distinct from `base[i]`
indexing) lowers to a @fn_str_slice prelude (malloc + copy + terminate), emitted
once into any program that slices. Two reseeds: add the syntax + prelude, then
migrate the 22 substr calls and delete substr. The migrator recognises the
common `count == end - start` shape and emits the clean `s[start..end]` rather
than `s[start..start + (end - start)]`.

examples/strings.ludic gains slicing (now prints 1..9). Reseeded (22673 lines);
C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 01:35:24 +03:00
839a6bf0c0 Phase 7f: len(x) works on strings too (retire slen)
`len` is now polymorphic — a slice's element count OR a string's byte length —
so the C-style `slen` (strlen) is gone: `slen(name)` -> `len(name)`. emit_len
branches on the operand type (slice header vs @strlen). Two reseeds: add the
string branch, then migrate the 19 slen calls and delete slen.

Reseeded (22565 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab +
doc-fences clean. (String slicing s[a..b] to replace substr is deferred to its
own phase.)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 01:25:57 +03:00
e9c15cc620 Phase 7e: polymorphic print(x) + str(x) (retire print_int/print_str)
One `print` instead of two C-style names: `print(x)` writes an int OR a string
followed by a newline, dispatching on the operand type (int -> %d, string ->
%s). `print(int)` emits byte-identically to the old print_int, so every existing
call and every smoke-test output is unchanged.

print_str was only ever the raw IR-to-stdout dump in ir_flush (no newline), which
is not "printing a line" — so it now uses file_write to a new file_stdout()
stream, keeping the emitted IR byte-for-byte identical. That frees `print` to
have consistent always-newline semantics.

Two reseeds: (A) add print + str + file_stdout keeping the intrinsics; (B)
migrate the 61 print_int calls to print, ir_flush to file_write(file_stdout()),
and delete print_int/print_str (+ the now-dead @.fmt_str). str(x) (the
interpolation converter from 7d) is now also a documented standalone builtin.

Vocabulary: print/str/file_stdout in, print_int/print_str out (ludic_syntax.h,
grammar, LudicTokens.kt). LANGUAGE.md updated. Reseeded (22551 lines); C-free
fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 01:22:38 +03:00
ad63f09d53 Phase 7d: string interpolation text {expr} text
The readable way to build strings, as you noted `{a} {b}` beats `a + " " + b`.
A backtick string embeds any expression in `{…}` and desugars to the Phase-7c
`+` chain, wrapping each hole in `str(...)`:

  `hello {name}, n={count + 1}`
    ==  "hello " + name + ", n=" + str(count + 1)

- Lexer: a backtick captures its content raw as TK_INTERP.
- Parser: parse_interp splits literal runs from `{…}` holes (brace-depth aware,
  `{{`/`}}` escape to literal braces), re-lexes each hole as a full expression
  (save/restore toks/pi like an import), and folds it all into E_BIN(+) nodes —
  so no new AST or runtime beyond the existing concat.
- str(x): a string passes through; int/bool/fixed convert via a small emitted
  @fn_int_str prelude (digits from the end of a buffer, '-' for negatives),
  emitted once into any program that uses it.

examples/strings.ludic gains interpolation cases (now prints 1..7); the smoke
covers it. Grammar + ludic_syntax.h tokenize backtick strings (holes highlighted
as embedded code). LANGUAGE.md documents it as the preferred form.

Reseeded (22530 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 18/18; vocab +
doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 01:12:07 +03:00
a021362cdb Phase 7c: string operators + and ==/!= (retire streq/sconcat)
Strings are values now: `a + b` concatenates and `a == b` / `a != b` compare by
content, replacing the 605 `sconcat(...)` / `streq(...)` calls that made the
compiler read like C.

  streq(name, "let")            -> name == "let"
  sconcat("load ", reg)         -> "load " + reg
  sconcat(a, sconcat(b, c))     -> a + b + c

Implementation: emit_bin gains a string path. Strings are pointer-typed, so any
`+` with a pointer operand concatenates and `==`/`!=` between pointers compares
content — except when one side is the `null` literal, which stays a pointer
identity test (the only two kinds of pointer `==` in the codebase). Both call a
small hand-written IR prelude, @fn_str_eq / @fn_str_concat, emitted once into any
program that uses string ops (so it works for tools, games and the compiler with
no runtime-splice dependency and no duplicate symbols).

Delivered as two reseeds: (A) add the operators + prelude with the full
pointer-aware dispatch, keeping streq/sconcat; (B) migrate every call site
(354 lines, via a string-literal-safe balanced-paren script that leaves the
function definitions alone) and delete streq/sconcat. examples/strings.ludic +
a test.sh smoke (prints 1 2 3 4 5) guard it.

Reseeded (21890 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens byte-identical; 18/18;
vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 01:05:36 +03:00
70ab79a4e9 Phase 7b: null literal + x == null (retire ptr_null/ptr_is_null)
`null` is now a real pointer literal and null-tests are comparisons, instead of
`ptr_null()` and `ptr_is_null(x)`:

  ptr_null()          -> null
  ptr_is_null(x)      -> (x == null)
  not ptr_is_null(x)  -> (x != null)

Mechanics: a new E_NULL primary (`null`, like true/false) lowers to the `null`
pointer; emit_bin's comparison path now picks `ptr` vs `i32` from operand type
(via llty), so `==`/`!=` work on any pointer/record/slice. The two intrinsics are
deleted.

Two reseeds: (A) add the literal + ptr comparison keeping the intrinsics; (B)
migrate all 182 call sites (compiler + runtime, via a balanced-paren script that
skips string-literal args and rewrites `not ptr_is_null` to `!= null`) and delete
the intrinsics. Node/Val/Buf/Tok field defaults now read `ptr = null`.

Vocabulary drops the two from LUDIC_INTRINSICS; `null` joins true/false as a
language constant (grammar + ludic_syntax.h). LANGUAGE.md notes the literal.
Reseeded (21664 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical; 17/17; vocab +
doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 00:50:21 +03:00
fcada23eba Phase 7a: bitwise operators & | ^ << >> ~ (retire band/bor/shl/…)
First step of the "stop feeling like C" pass. Bitwise ops were functions
(`band(x, MASK)`, `shl(a, 3)`); they are now real operators:

  band -> &   bor -> |   bxor -> ^   shl -> <<   shr -> >>   bnot -> ~

Precedence is Go-style so the C footgun is gone: `<<`/`>>`/`&` bind like `*`,
`|`/`^` like `+`, both tighter than comparison — `flags & MASK == 0` parses as
`(flags & MASK) == 0`. `>>` is logical (lshr), matching the old `shr`.

Mechanics: lexer tokenizes `<< >> & | ^ ~`; p_mul takes `<< >> &`, p_add takes
`| ^`, p_unary takes `~`; emit_bin routes them through the existing int arith
path (arith_code gains and/or/xor/shl/lshr) and E_UN handles `~`. The six
intrinsics are deleted.

Delivered as two reseeds: (A) add the operators keeping the intrinsics, (B)
migrate every call site to operator form (85 lines across compiler + runtime,
via a balanced-paren call->operator script; two multi-line big-endian reads in
image/truetype done by hand) and delete the intrinsics. Vocabulary drops the six
from LUDIC_INTRINSICS (ludic_syntax.h, grammar, LudicTokens.kt) and the grammar
gains a bitwise-operator rule. LANGUAGE.md precedence table rewritten.

Reseeded (21724 lines); C-free fixpoint holds; goldens byte-identical (the PNG
and TrueType decoders lean on these ops); 17/17; vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-28 00:45:10 +03:00
e1d7797e29 Phase 6f: let = immutable, var = mutable (binding-only)
Bindings now signal mutability the way Rust/Swift do, instead of `let` meaning
"local" and `var` meaning "module-level":

  - `let x = e`  -> immutable binding; a later `x = …` is a compile error
    (`cannot assign to immutable 'x' … use var`).
  - `var x = e`  -> mutable binding, at local OR module scope (position decides
    scope; the keyword decides mutability).
  - `const`      -> unchanged (compile-time).

Immutability is of the *binding*, not the object: `let n = new Node; n.kind = 1`
is fine (mutation through the reference); only rebinding `n` is rejected. The
check lives in emit_assign — a direct `name =` whose target is a `let` local
(loc_mut == 0) errors; field/index targets and `var`/param/loop bindings are
unaffected.

Delivered as three reseeds so the self-hosting compiler never had to compile
source its own rules would reject:
  A) add `var` as a local statement + per-local mutability tracking (loc_mut),
     no enforcement;
  B) migrate every reassigned `let` -> `var` across the compiler, runtime and
     examples (337 declarations), driven by a per-function, string/comment-aware
     scan (binding targets only, never `x.f =` / `x[i] =`);
  C) turn on the check. bootstrap-cfree (compiler vs its own source) and every
     golden build (which splices the runtime) then proved zero reassigned `let`
     was missed anywhere.

Also folded in: removed leftover debug instrumentation in block() (a `cur=` /
print_int(777…) trace on the separator-error path) and fixed parse.ludic's stale
header comment (no more `struct`). Reseeded (21711 lines); C-free fixpoint holds;
goldens identical; 17/17; vocab + doc-fences clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-27 23:52:59 +03:00
cc701013f5 Phase 6e: unify builtin naming (loaders domain-first, set_reg)
Fixed the naming inconsistencies the cohesion audit flagged, converging on the
domain-first style the bulk of the surface already uses (ui_*, text_*, rng_*,
font_load, image_load):

  - load_png    -> png_load       (asset loaders were split: font_load/image_load
  - load_sprites -> sprites_load   were domain-first, load_* were verb-first)
  - setreg      -> set_reg        (missing underscore vs ui_set_int/ui_set_text)

Game builtins resolve to their `rt_` runtime function, so the renames are in
runtime/native (rt_png_load, rt_sprites_load, rt_set_reg) plus the ~100 example
call sites; `become` lowering in emit_machine now emits @fn_rt_set_reg. Purely a
surface rename — every renamed call maps to the same runtime symbol, so behavior
and golden renders are byte-identical.

Vocabulary + docs updated (ludic_syntax.h, grammar, LudicTokens.kt, LANGUAGE.md,
README, SYNTAX-REDESIGN). Reseeded; C-free fixpoint holds; goldens identical;
17/17; vocab clean.

Left as-is: os_argc/os_arg (compiler-internal intrinsics, already namespaced and
consistent with each other; renaming would need a bootstrap dance for little
gain). reg/set_reg keep the getter-bare/setter-set_ shape ui_focused/ui_set_int
already use.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-27 23:38:10 +03:00